澳洲的色彩

   陈育如 图/文

澳洲的色彩在人们的印象中主要是红色和蓝色,红色来源于组成广袤澳洲大陆的红土地以及举世闻名的“艾尔斯岩”,蓝色来自同样广袤、无所不包的海洋和蓝天,还有在“大堡礁”所感受到的蓝色世界。红色的“艾尔斯岩”和蓝色的“大堡礁”一样,都属于澳洲的“世界自然与文化遗产”。
  
艾尔斯岩是一个奇观,它不但是自然的奇观,而且是色彩的奇观,因为巨石在一日之中,色彩会随太阳的位置不同而不断变幻,在傍晚尤甚,这种色彩的变化令人叹为观止。以至于在艾尔斯岩旁的旷野中,旅游部门开设了一种独特的旅游服务项目 “天籁烛光晚宴”。这种旅游项目的内容就是坐在能望见艾尔斯岩的地方,一边聆听著原住民古老而美妙的音乐,一边凝视著巨岩在日落荒时分变幻迷离的色彩,一边享用美味佳倄的晚餐,同时享有视觉、听觉与味觉的完美大餐。
  
在“大堡礁”,让人感受最多的是蓝色,仅一种蓝色在这里就能幻化万千。那水天相接处蓝色的过渡,那深淺不同之处蓝色的渐变,那一眼望不到边的蓝色的绵延,都构成了大堡礁无穷魅力的一部份。
  
其实, 澳洲的色彩远比红色和蓝色要来得丰富。在明媚的阳光下,各种丰富的色彩经照耀更能表现出明度和饱和度,从而更令人赏心悦目。
  
春天,当蓝花楹盛开的时候(蓝花楹别名南洋楹或紫雲木,学名: Jacaranda acutifolia Humb. & Boupl,原产南美, 是南非的国花之一),她的羽状对生复叶叶还没有繁盛起来时,我们见到的通常是一树的紫云,在蓝天的映衬下尽情地舒展。那紫色,是如此明净而纯綷,让人感受到一种生命内在的力量的迸发,又象是积淀了一个冬天的能量的绽放。树上开的,仿佛不是花,而是一种生机的律动与飘舞,和一种叫做Geisha Girl的紫花相辉映,使“蓝色妖姬”一词在自然中除神秘之外,在每个人的心中又折射出种种新的诠释。
  
到了夏天,当蓝花楹的紫云渐渐消隐,满树的色彩由紫色变为紫绿相间,进而再换成嫩绿,逐渐地变成深绿。象春之女神将春天紫色的纱裙换成夏季的绿衫,彩衣更换后依然是那么得体与轻盈,蓝花楹的彩妆和桉树的优雅,南洋杉的挺拔,树蕨的飘逸一道,组成了夏季亮丽的绿色风景线。

在澳洲,当火凤凰树花开的时候,一眼望去,是一片片让人心悸的艳红。在绿叶的映衬下,这种红色一点不比猩红的石榴花逊色。火凤凰的花多而密,从地平线处远望火凤凰树丛,有如朝阳点染的自然女神的裙裾,又象是天边一片片绿雾烘托着的红云。

在晴天的黄金海岸边,人们不难看到这样的景色:从深蓝至淺蓝的海水,从金黄沙滩至葱绿树林,这是一个系列的色彩变化,加上树荫下的灰色、船帆与细浪的白色,我们感到眼前的景色是一块巨大而神奇的调色板,所有的一切都是自然之手不经意中的色彩杰作,在三维的空间中由她恣意地挥洒。假如画“日出印象”的莫奈或“阳光下”与雷诺阿等印象派画家来到了澳洲,在他们的笔下,其作品又将是怎样的一片色彩的飨宴呢?

澳洲有一位著名的摄影家史迪夫·帕里希(Steve Parish),作品众多,他一直致力于用镜头,将他对这片神奇土地的感悟,通过光影与色彩的语言加以纪录和表达。在他的绝大多数作品中,让人最受感染和最受震撼的篇幅是那些色彩丰富、对比强烈的作品。在布里斯本的CITY城区,我遇到了一位来自意大利的青年画家,在他送给我的喷画中,除去他独特的用喷筒和刮刀作画的技法让人印象深刻之外,在色彩方面也有诸多的感人之处。我想,这是不是也得益于澳洲色彩的丰富,他的画是否也是他对澳洲色彩的感悟与表达?他送画的时候对我讲述他作这幅画的原因,说画面中的山是他登陆澳洲时的第一印象。此画没有名字,结合对其中大海、海鸥、红色的艾尔斯石及画面色彩的理解,我为它取名为“澳洲印象”。

在澳洲的沿海,不时会遇到雨的洗礼。每当雨过天睛,太阳从云层的侧面映照时,在宽阔的地平线上很多时候能看到飞虹横贯天际的景象,这是阳光借助于水的魔镜折射出来的七彩奇观,此情此景很自然地让人们联想到“赤橙黄绿青蓝紫,谁持彩练当空舞”的诗句。在澳洲,彩虹的跨度之大,色彩之艳足以让任何绘画大师的纸上霓虹逊色。

澳洲观赏石中的珍品欧泊(Opal),又被人们称为“澳宝”,这种宝石色彩的变幻足以引发人们无穷的想象,特别是在蓝色、黑色或绿色的基底上出现强烈变彩的黑欧泊,特别引人注目。欧泊这种被称作将“红宝石的火红、紫水晶的亮紫、绿宝石的海绿”集诸美式于一体的“集美之石”最独特之外是它的“变彩”,这种“变彩”对其品味的提升作用功不可没,色彩之美无疑是欧泊享有盛誉的最重要的原因。

如果你有机会去澳洲,别忘了多多领略“澳洲的色彩”,它会在你的心底留连。

在CITY的一个奇石商店,有感于一块澳洲虎睛石的色彩和风景,与我心目中澳洲的色彩和风景有相同之处,因此不顾价昂欣然购之,取名也为–“澳洲印象”。

Enjoy! 澳大利亚色彩的盛宴。


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